2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. NOD-like Receptor (NLR)

NOD-like Receptor (NLR)

NOD-like Receptor (NLR)

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Nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are critical cytoplasmic pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) that play an important role in the host innate immune response and immunity homeostasis. There are 23 NLR family members in humans and at least 34 NLR genes in mice. NLRs are expressed in many cell types including immune cells and epithelial cells, although certain NLR family members are expressed primarily in phagocytes including macrophages and neutrophils. The NLR family are most commonly classified according to their N-terminal domain, falling into one of four subfamilies; NLRA, NLRB, NLRC and NLRP.

The NLRs recognize various ligands from microbial pathogens (peptidoglycan, flagellin, viral RNA, fungal hyphae, etc.), host cells (ATPs, cholesterol crystals, uric acid, etc.), and environmental sources (alum, asbestos, silica, alloy particles, UV radiation, skin irritants, etc.). Most NLRs act as PRRs, recognizing the above ligands and activate inflammatory responses. However, some NLRs may not act as PRRs but instead respond to cytokines such as interferons. The activated NLRs show various functions that can be divided into four broad categories: inflammasome formation, signaling transduction, transcription activation, and autophagy.

NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Isoform Specific Products:

NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-148187
    NLRP3-IN-11
    		Inhibitor 98.79%
    NLRP3-IN-11 is a NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) proteins inhibitor. NLRP3-IN-11 has biological activity for NLRP3 with an IC50 value of <0.3 μM. NLRP3-IN-11 can be used for the researh of inflammatory and degenerative diseases including NASH, atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, gout, and numerous other autoinflammatory diseases.
    NLRP3-IN-11
  • HY-113328R
    Aminoadipic acid (Standard)
    		Activator
    Aminoadipic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Aminoadipic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Aminoadipic acid is an orally active lysine oxide derivative. Aminoadipic acid induces ROS generation, increases free Ca2+, decreases SOD, and activates TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway. Aminoadipic acid has pro-inflammatory effects. Aminoadipic acid can be used in atherosclerosis research[1][2][3][4].
    Aminoadipic acid (Standard)
  • HY-121988
    INF4E
    		Inhibitor 99.38%
    INF4E is a potent NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor. INF4E inhibits caspase-1 and NLRP3 ATPase activities. INF4E shows protection against the IR-induced myocardial injury and dysfunction.
    INF4E
  • HY-145087A
    NP3-146 sodium
    		Inhibitor 99.26%
    NP3-146 sodium is a NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor through locking the NACHT domain of NLRP3. NP3-146 sodium shows potent inhibitory activity against IL-1β release with an IC50 value of 0.171 μM in LPS (HY-D1056)/Nigericin (HY-127019)-stimulated BMDM cells. NP3-146 sodium regulates the levels of cleaved Caspase-1 and cleaved IL-1β in cell supernatants. NP3-146 sodium can be used for the research of inflammatory diseases.
    NP3-146 sodium
  • HY-124857
    7DG
    		Inhibitor 98%
    7DG (7-Desacetoxy-6,7-dehydrogedunin) is a PKR inhibitor, P2X7 purinergic receptor inhibitor, and skin-lightening agent. 7DG binds outside the ATP-catalytic domain of PKR, blocks the kinase activity-independent protein-protein interactions of PKR, inhibits the phosphorylation and activity of PKR, disrupts ASC assembly and caspase-1 activation, and suppresses the activation of the NLRP1 inflammasome. 7DG inhibits pyroptosis, suppresses the ATP-P2X7 signaling pathway, and abolishes ATP-induced increases in the expression levels of MITF, tyrosinase, PMEL/gp100, and melanin content. 7DG exerts skin-lightening effects in cultured skin in vitro. 7DG can be used in research related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, gout, type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and hyperpigmentary skin disorders.
    7DG
  • HY-161297
    NT-0249
    		Inhibitor
    NT-0249 is an orally active NLRP3 inhibitor. NT-0249 has anti-inflammatory activity
    NT-0249
  • HY-131040
    NLRP3-IN-NBC6
    		Inhibitor 99.40%
    NLRP3-IN-NBC6 is a potent, selective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor (IC50= 574 nM) that acts independently of Ca2+. NLRP3-IN-NBC6 inhibits Nigericin (HY-127019)-induced inflammasome activation in THP-1 cells and Imiquimod (HY-B0180)-induced IL-1β release from LPS-primed bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs).
    NLRP3-IN-NBC6
  • HY-N9921
    Antcin A
    		Inhibitor 99.71%
    Antcin A is a potent NLRP3 inhibitor that inhibits the assembly and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Antcin A can inhibit Kupffer cell pyroptosis and has liver protective activity. Antcin A can be used to study inflammation, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
    Antcin A
  • HY-120048
    NBC19
    		Inhibitor 99.22%
    NBC19 is an NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor with an IC50 of 60 nM in differentiated THP1 cells. NBC19 inhibits nigericin- and ATP-induced IL-1β release with IC50s of 80 nM and 850 nM, respectively.
    NBC19
  • HY-W017087
    1,2,4-Trimethoxybenzene
    		Inhibitor
    1,2,4-Trimethoxybenzene is an orally active NLRP3 selective inhibitor. 1,2,4-Trimethoxybenzene can markedly suppress Nigericin (HY-127019) or ATP (HY-B2176)-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation, thus decreasing caspase-1 activation and IL-1β secretion. 1,2,4-Trimethoxybenzene specifically inhibits the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome without affecting absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome activation. 1,2,4-Trimethoxybenzene inhibits oligomerization of the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and protein-protein interaction between NLRP3 and ASC, thus blocking NLRP3 inflammasome assembly. 1,2,4-Trimethoxybenzene can be used for the study of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), multiple sclerosis, and type 2 diabetes.
    1,2,4-Trimethoxybenzene
  • HY-186072
    NT-0527
    		Inhibitor 99.80%
    NT-0527 is a selective, orally active, and brain-permeable NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor. NT-0527 can specifically block the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, resulting in the reduction in the maturation and release of IL-1β, exhibit inhibition on CYP2C19. NT-0527 displays anti-inflammatory activity in the mouse LPS (HY-D1056) /ATP (HY-B2176)-induced peritonitis model. NT-0527 can be used for the research of neuroinflammatory disorders (Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) and peripheral inflammatory disorders (type II diabetes, atherosclerosis, gout, etc.) associated with NLRP3 inflammasome.
    NT-0527
  • HY-N9454
    Garcinoic acid
    		Inhibitor
    Garcinoic acid is an orally active anti-inflammatory agent that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Garcinoic acid also enhances efferocytosis and enzyme/receptor regulation, and selectively inhibits human COX-2, porcine α-amylase, Saccharomyces cerevisiae α-glucosidase and human DNA polymerase β (IC50=11 μM), as well as activates human PXR. Garcinoic acid enhances macrophage efferocytosis via receptors such as MerTK and LRP-1, and promotes the production of pro-resolving lipid mediators. Garcinoic acid inhibits NF-κB activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, interferes with Aβ aggregation, downregulates NLRP3 inflammasome activity, and binds to targets including CD44 and EGFR to inhibit leukemia cell proliferation. The pharmacological activities of Garcinoic acid, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and lipid metabolism-regulating effects, are widely used in studies related to various diseases including atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, type 2 diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease and viral pneumonia.
    Garcinoic acid
  • HY-N0334
    (+)-Magnoflorine
    		Inhibitor
    (+)-Magnoflorine (α-Magnoflorine) is an orally active aporphine alkaloid with multiple biological activities. (+)-Magnoflorine promotes Parkin/PINK1 -mediated mitochondrial autophagy, inhibits the activation of NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway, regulates the intestinal microbiota, and exhibits significant anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. (+)-Magnoflorine inhibits JNK and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways, activates Sirt1/AMPK pathway, alleviates neuronal oxidative stress and apoptosis. Magnoflorine upregulates miR-410-3p, inhibits HMGB1/NF-κB pathway, and has anti-tumor activity. (+)-Magnoflorine also has significant antifungal activity.
    (+)-Magnoflorine
  • HY-N10359
    Isoandrographolide
    		Inhibitor 98.34%
    Isoandrographolide is an orally active NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor and AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway inhibitor. Isoandrographolide inhibits the expression of NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1, and reduces the levels of phosphorylated AKT, phosphorylated GSK-3β, and β-catenin. Isoandrographolide alleviates inflammatory responses, reduces collagen deposition, suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), induces differentiation of leukemia cells, inhibits the growth of leukemia cells, protects lung and kidney tissues, regulates cytokine levels, and also exhibits hepatoprotective effects. Isoandrographolide can be used in studies related to silicosis, murine myeloid leukemia, renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
    Isoandrographolide
  • HY-W010253
    Benzylurea
    		Modulator 99.94%
    Benzylurea is an anti-inflammatory agent. Benzylurea inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced upregulation of MTCH2 expression and regulates pathways associated with mitochondrial function, inflammation and cell survival. Benzylurea alleviates LPS-induced proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of periodontal ligament fibroblasts, as well as the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Benzylurea can be used in studies related to periodontitis.
    Benzylurea
  • HY-116084S1
    Trimethylamine-N-oxide-13C3
    		Activator
    Trimethylamine-N-oxide-13C3 is the 13C-labeled Trimethylamine N-oxide. Trimethylamine N-oxide is a gut microbe-dependent metabolite of dietary choline and other trimethylamine-containing nutrients. Trimethylamine N-oxide induces inflammation by activating the ROS/NLRP3 inflammasome. Trimethylamine N-oxide also accelerates fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation and induces cardiac fibrosis by activating the TGF-β/smad2 signaling pathway.
    Trimethylamine-N-oxide-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-13682A
    Mifamurtide sodium hydrate
    Mifamurtide (MTP-PE; CGP 19835) sodium hydrate is the sodium hydrate of mifamurtide. Mifamurtide is a nonspecific immunomodulator that acts by stimulating immune responses by activating macrophages and monocytes. Mifamurtide is a specific ligand for NOD2 and is used as an insulin sensitizer and may also be used in osteosarcoma research.
    Mifamurtide sodium hydrate
  • HY-132831A
    Selnoflast calcium
    		Inhibitor
    Selnoflast calcium (RO7486967 calcium), formerly somalix/RG6418/IZD334, is an orally active, potent, selective and reversible small molecule NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor. Selnoflast calcium is a potent inhibitor of IL-1β release stimulated by NLRP3 activation in human Alzheimer's disease (AD) monocyte-derived macrophages. Selnoflast calcium is promising for research of AD and systemic inflammatory diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
    Selnoflast calcium
  • HY-150965
    NDT-30805
    		Inhibitor
    NDT-30805 is a selective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor. NDT-30805 is a triazolopyrimidinone derivative and inhibits IL-1β release in PBMCs with an IC50 of 0.013 μM. NDT-30805 can be used for the research of inflammation and innate immunity.
    NDT-30805
  • HY-132831B
    Selnoflast potassium
    		Inhibitor
    Selnoflast potassium (RO7486967 potassium), formerly somalix/RG6418/IZD334, is an orally active, potent, selective and reversible small molecule NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor. Selnoflast potassium is a potent inhibitor of IL-1β release stimulated by NLRP3 activation in human Alzheimer's disease (AD) monocyte-derived macrophages. Selnoflast potassium is promising for research of AD and systemic inflammatory diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
    Selnoflast potassium
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Isoform Comparison

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